Omar Oualili, like many international students, went to the United Kingdom for a quality education at a relatively low cost.
英国希望脱欧后仍然保持国际教育竞争力！
2015年道指走势总结
2016年1月8日2016年道指走势总结
2017年1月8日英国教育优势很大，比如它是英语系教育，它有名校牛津剑桥；但最重要的一点是学费便宜！当然你会说，哪里便宜了，当然是对比美国！
由于教育语言一样，英国毕业后仍然可以象从美国毕业一样找同等需求的岗位；比如，很多做美国贸易、留学移民业务的工作人员都是从英国或澳大利亚毕业的！当然，对于相当一部分同学来说，毕业后能够在英国就业，仍然是非常有吸引力的！不仅能够获得相对较高的收入，至少还能获得国外公司的工作经验！但是，现在对于在英国的国际学生毕业生来说，获得工作的机会可能会很棘手！下面我们就来看看USNEWS关于这个问题的分析。
虽然我们可以理解为美英教育之间的竞争，USNEWS有打击英国教育的嫌疑；但事实是英国的教育体系对美国的顶尖大学基本不会有太大的影响！选择美国留学的同学，不管英国宣传的再好，依然不会改变自己的目的地！真正有嫌疑的是美国排名200——500名的学校！
美国财政一直在减少对高等教育的投入，这样就只能保证一批顶尖的优势大学能够获得足够的经费，从而确保科研及运营，毕竟这些学校是美国的脸面，也是美国维持全球竞争力的根本所在。
但对于普通的大学，尤其是公立大学，它们的运营就会由于财政问题变得举步为艰！怎么为？当然是扩大对收费学生的招生了！而现在全球能够承担起美国高昂学费的学生在哪里？只有中国才有这个体量。但是这是一个相对比较衡定的数字，选择去英加澳新的学生，基本上就不会去美国了。我们来看看USNEWS对英国教育当前状况的一个展示，文中的人物为虚构。
奥马尔·瓦利利虽然家庭处于自己国家的相对富裕的阶层，但仍然无法承担起美国的教育成本。所以就和本国的许多留学生一样，以承担相对低廉的成本到英国接受优质教育。
“我的父母负担不起送我去美国留学的费用——太远太贵了。在我的整个留学过程中，在英国支付的四年包括学士学位和硕士学位的学费，而在美国仅仅能够支撑一年的学习时间。”24岁的瓦利利从摩洛哥Casablanca搬到伦敦。
但是在毕业后确保工作担保是很棘手的问题。2012年，英国改变了最近的国际学生毕业生的时间限制，仅给予获得四个月至两年的工作签证期限。
瓦利利分别于2015年和2016年在西伦敦大学获得会计与金融学士学位和硕士学位。这名摩洛哥学生目前正在伦敦国王学院（King’s College London）攻读另一个中东政治经济学研究生学位，他说，在获得第一个硕士学位后仍然感到就业存在压力。
“学习期间，我曾在一家名为Empello的广告科技公司兼职。毕业后，我的学生签证即将到期，他们给了我一份全职工作。这真的是运气，因为在英国很难获得工作赞助。”瓦利利说。
根据英国国际学生事务委员会的数据，2016－2017年在英国学习的450000多名国际学生中，有近70%来自非欧盟国家。近年来，英国留学生入学率略有增长，但英国大学仍然表示，英国的留学生移民政策过于严格。
2015/16-2016/17年间，英国高等教育国际学生的入学人数增长了1.7%，本科或“一年制”课程的入学人数增长了2.4%。尽管这一数字并不多，但在新入学国际学生数量的两年下降之后，这一转变实现了逆转。英国文化协会的高级教育顾问在一封电子邮件中写道。
Rey LeGrand，一个总部设在美国的组织，其能够为学生提供海外志愿者机会。Reyy LeGrand的负责人说，英国在2015到2017年间的国际学生入学率的轻微增长并不反映其当前或未来的轨迹；“这些新增人数可能是那些之前毕业的英国留学生”。
英国即将退出欧盟，也就是英国脱欧，目前定于2019年3月。
在英国退欧公投几年前，英国在2012废除了其后研究签证计划。英国的内政部，负责签证和移民的部门，也在研究如何减少该国的净移民。
伦敦教育咨询公司威廉·克拉伦斯教育公司（William Clarence Education）董事总经理斯蒂芬·斯普里格斯（Stephen Spriggs）表示，目前，“如果学生在学习期间被录取，雇主可以为该学生提供二级签证，签证有效期最长可达5年零14天，或相当于你的职位。”如果没有工作保障，学生签证到期后很难留在英国。
斯普里格斯说，硕士生和博士生可能会觉得更容易获得工作签证。例如，一些博士生可以利用一个特殊的签证延期计划，允许他们在英国再呆12个月。
批评英国缺乏研究生签证计划的留学生表示，这可能会影响英国在非欧盟留学生中保持其作为热门目的地的地位。
根据英国政府九月发布的一份报告，虽然英国是国际学生第二热门选择的国家，但近年来其市场份额略有下降。《国际留学生在英国的影响》报告说，尽管在英国的中国学生数量保持在65000以上，但印度学生的数量却下降了。
高等教育专家说，随着国际学生被吸引到澳大利亚、加拿大和新西兰，英国和美国正失去一些竞争优势，但却可能促进了国际学生在英国学习的优势。
自2016年起，美国允许持有F-1学生签证的STEM毕业生通过其可选的实践培训计划就业三年。与此同时，加拿大提供的研究生工作签证最长为三年；同样，新西兰将提供最长为三年的研究生开放工作签证，从11月28日起生效。
代表英国高等教育机构的成员组织-英国大学联盟（universions UK）正在游说，希望让国际学生获得不受限制的留学后签证，允许毕业生在没有担保人的情况下寻找工作。该组织还呼吁英国政府将第2层次工作签证的收入门槛从20800英镑（26983美元）降至19500英镑（25297美元）。
“对于许多未来的留学生来说，在毕业后的有限时间内从事技术性工作的能力，是决定去哪里学习的一个重要组成部分。”英国大学联盟主席、利物浦大学副校长珍妮特•比尔（Janet Beer）在9月份的一份新闻声明中说：“我们提议新的毕业生签证，这将使英国对国际学生更具有吸引力。”
“这将是向国际学生发出一个更为欢迎的信息，并表明英国对来自世界各地的人才开放。随着脱欧讨论的继续，英国需要一项雄心勃勃的移民政策，来帮助我们提升自己的地区和全球竞争力。”
以下为USNEWS报道原文。
“My parents could not afford to send me to study in the U.S. – it’s too far and too expensive. What I paid in the U.K. during my whole studies – a bachelor’s and master’s in four years – would have only been the same amount for just one year in the U.S.,” says Oualili, 24, who moved to London from Casablanca, Morocco.
But securing work sponsorship after graduation can be tricky: In 2012, the U.K. changed its time limit for recent international student graduates to obtain a work visa from two years to four months.
Oualili completed a bachelor’s and master’s degree in accounting and finance at the University of West London in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The Moroccan student, who is now pursing an additional postgraduate degree in the political economy of the Middle East at King’s College London, says securing employment after his first master’s degree was stressful.
“I used to work part time for an ad tech company called Empello during my studies. After graduation, my student visa was about to expire, and they offered me a full-time job. It was really about luck because it is very hard to secure a work sponsorship in the U.K.,” Oualili says.
Nearly 70 percent of the more than 450,000 international students who studied in the U.K. in 2016-2017 were from non-European Union countries, according to data from the UK Council for International Student Affairs. While the U.K. has experienced modest growth in international student enrollment in recent years, U.K. universities say the country’s immigration policies for international students are too restrictive.
New enrollments of international students in higher education institutions in the U.K. grew 1.7 percent between 2015-16 and 2016-17, with enrollments in an undergraduate or “first degree” program growing 2.4 percent, which, though modest, represents a turnaround after two years of decline in new international students, Michael Peak, senior education advisor at the British Council, wrote in an email.
Randy LeGrant, executive director GeoVisions, a U.S.-based organization that offers student volunteer opportunities abroad, says the U.K.’s slight growth in international student enrollment between 2015 and 2017 does not reflect its current or future trajectory; these are “probably students who timed their graduating before Brexit,” he says.
Britain’s impending exit from the European Union, known as Brexit, is currently slated for March 2019.
The U.K. scrapped its post-study visa program in 2012, several years prior the Brexit referendum. The U.K.’s Home Office, the department that handles visas and immigration, has also been examining ways to reduce the country’s net migration.
Currently, “if a student has been accepted for a job whilst studying, the employer can sponsor the student leading to a Tier 2 visa, which lasts up to five years and 14 days or the length of your position,” says Stephen Spriggs, managing director of William Clarence Education, a London-based education consultancy firm. “Without work already secured, it can be difficult to remain in the U.K. following the expiration of a student visa.”
Spriggs says master’s and Ph.D. students may find it easier. For example, some Ph.D. students may be able to take advantage of a special visa extension program that allows them to stay in the country for an additional 12 months.
Critics of the U.K.’s lack of a postgraduate visa scheme for undergraduates say it could put the country at odds for maintaining its position as a popular destination among non-EU international students.
While the U.K. is currently the second-most-popular destination for international students, its market share has declined slightly in recent years, according to a U.K. government report released in September, “Impact of International Students in the UK.” The report says that while the number of Chinese students in the U.K. has remained stable at more than 65,000, the number of Indian students, for instance, has dropped.
Higher education experts say the U.K. and the U.S. are losing some of their competitive edge as international students are being lured to Australia, Canada and New Zealand, which heavily promote the advantages of study in their countries.
As of 2016, the U.S. allows STEM graduates who are on F-1 student visas up to three years of employment through its Optional Practical Training program. Meanwhile, Canada offers up to a three-year postgraduate work visa; similarly, New Zealand will offer up to three years for its post-study open work visa, effective Nov. 28.
Universities UK, a member organization that represents the country’s higher education institutions, is lobbying for an unrestricted post-study visa to allow graduates to seek jobs without a sponsor. The organization is also calling for the U.K. government to lower the income threshold for a Tier 2 work visa from £20,800 ($26,983) to £19,500 ($25,297) for an entrant salary.
“The ability to work in a skilled job for a limited period after graduation is, for many prospective international students, an important part of the overall package when deciding where to study. We are proposing a new graduate visa that would make the UK more attractive to students,” said Janet Beer, president of Universities UK and vice-chancellor of the University of Liverpool, in a September press statement.
“It would send a more welcoming message to international students and signal that the UK is open to talented individuals from around the world. As Brexit discussions continue, the UK needs an ambitious immigration policy that helps boost our regional and global competitiveness.”
